Curr Biol：分散注意力可有效缓解病症

近日，发表文章在International知名周报Cell的子刊Current Biology上的一篇研究成果报告指不止，运用精神状态阻碍（分心）的工具可以使得呼吸困难大大降低，然而这种呼吸困难缓解大大降低的物理情况并不观感在头部。这项研究成果辨认出是基于使用高分辨率的骨髓机能性核磁共振超声应用（fMRI应用），对人们由于室温引起的呼吸困难程度进行研究成果，研究成果揭示，精神状态阻碍确实可以在中所枢呼吸困难处理早期抑制呼吸困难频率的的传播。来自法兰克福-埃和林多夫所学校附属医院的研究成果者Christian Sprenger指出，这种情况并不仅仅是一种精神状态情况，而是一种广为人知的神经机制，可以降低从脑部飙升至脑干高级地区的呼吸困难频率。

这种物理情况牵涉到了抑制的类颗粒，这种颗粒诱发自脑干，在大大降低呼吸困难的过程中所扮演着重要角色。研究成果工作人员让组织者分别完成一个非常简单或者一个更容易的记忆性任务，需要他们记住电子邮件的手写内容，同时给组织者胳膊上施以室温。进行更容易任务的组织者变得心烦意乱时，他们会感到极小的呼吸困难，通过fMRI应用反映不止这些组织者的脑部地区活性变得来得低，fMRI通常是用来测脑干活性的扭转。

Sprenger和他的同事然后重复了实验，这次他们得不到组织者一种类固醇-钠洛酮（抗休克的理想类固醇，可以阻挡吗啡的物理情况）或者平常的安平注入，最近，相比只注入平常安平的组织者，使用吗啡拮抗剂的组织者由于目光分散，引起的呼吸困难缓解降低了40%，因此提到抑制的扮演着重要依赖性。

研究成果者的辨认出揭示了精神状态过程可以险恶地扭转人们的呼吸困难经历，并且对于临床也有最重要的意义。研究成果者指出，我们的研究成果辨认出给呼吸困难性疾病治疗包括了思维道德上治疗的工具。（生物谷：T.Shen编译）

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2012.04.006PMC:PMID:

Attention Modulates Spinal Cord Responses to Pain

Christian Sprenger1, , , Falk Eippert1, Jürgen Finsterbusch1, Ulrike Bingel1, 2, Michael Rose1, Christian Büchel1

Reduced pain perception while being distracted from pain is an everyday example of how cognitive processes can interfere with pain perception [ [1], [2], [3], [4] and [5]]. Previous neuroimaging studies showed distraction-related modulations of pain-driven activations in various cortical and subcortical brain regions [ [6], [7], [8], [9], [10] and [11]], but the precise neuronal mechanism underlying this phenomenon is unclear. Using high-resolution functional magnetic resonance imaging of the human cervical spinal cord in combination with thermal pain stimulation and a well-established working memory task [12], we demonstrate that this phenomenon relies on an inhibition of incoming pain signals in the spinal cord. Neuronal responses to painful stimulation in the dorsal horn of the corresponding spinal segment were significantly reduced under high working memory load compared to low working memory load. At the individual level, reductions of neuronal responses in the spinal cord predicted behioral pain reductions. In a subsequent behioral experiment, using the opioid antagonist naloxone in a double-blind crossover design with the same paradigm, we demonstrate a substantial contribution of endogenous opioids to this mechanism. Taken together, our results show that the reduced pain experience during mental distraction is related to a spinal process and involves opioid neurotransmission.